1. S.VASHAKIDZE, G.PICHKHAIA, Z.ZAUTASHVILI, B.SURGULADZE, T.MAZIASHVILI, J.TATARASHVILI
USAGE OF THE METHOD OF ELECTROCHEMICAL THERAPY (EchT) FOR TREATMENT OF TUMOROUS DISEASES
J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2005, 2, pp.9-13.
Clinic of Electrochemical Therapy, Georgia
EchT was used to treat with effectiveness middle and late stage inoperable tumors, or those recurrent after the operation, or ineffective with radio- or chemotherapy. EchT could be helpful for treating cases of late stage tumors which need to be treated with a combination of methods. EchT has the following advantages: simple, easy to manage, safe and effective, less traumatic and quickly recoverable.
INFLUENCE OF LASER RAYS ON RABBIT PREGNANCY, THE STRUCTURE OF PLACENTA, DELIVERY, AND STATE OF NEWBORNS
J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2005, 2, pp.13-15.
A. Natishvili Institute of Experimental Morphology of the Georgian Academy of Sciences, Tbilisi
We studied the influence of laser rays on rabbit pregnancy, on the structure of placenta, childbirth, and condition of newborn rabbits.
It was proved that laser rays do not influence physiological pregnancy, the structure of placenta, development of a fetus and newborn.
J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2005, 2, pp.15-17.
The purpose of this investigation is obtaining the exact information about the topography of the extrahepatic bile ducts of the newborn.
The topography and sintopy of the extrahepatic biliary tracts was investigated by the thin preparation method in 5 newborn children (at the age less than 10 days) which had no pathologies (anomalies) of the abovementioned anatomic formations.
The classical forming of the common hepatic duct of the newborn child was noted in three preparations (of the five). On two preparations the common hepatic duct was formed of the confluence of three tracts located in different planes. The length of the common hepatic tract of newborn children is 7,7±0,13mm, and the diameter is 1,0±0,3 mm. According to our data the length of left hepatica duct is 6,3±0,12 mm, its diameter is 0,7±0,03 mm, the length of the right hepatica duct is 5,55±0,01 mm and the diameter is 0,8±0,002 mm.
The common hepatica duct leads from the porta hepatis in the posterior lower direction at the newborn period. It joins the cystic duct under the acute angle. During the elliptic form (2 cases of 5) of the gallbladder The newborn children’s cystic duct is the straight extension of the neck and it doesn’t form any bends. The cystic duct has S-form passage in the cylindrical forms of the gallbladder (1 case).
We think that the carried out investigations will be useful for the child’s surgeons, radiologists and appropriate clinical specialists.
4. G.BURKADZE, N.MAISURADZE, N.MUSERIDZE, G.TURASHVILI
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF KOILOCYTES IN CYTOLOGIC MATERIAL FROM THE UTERINE CERVIX, IN THE PREPARATIONS STAINED BY THE PAPANICOLAU METHOD
J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2005, 2, pp.17-20.
I. Jordania Scientific-Research Institute of Human Reproduction, Tbilisi, Georgia
Cervical cancer is the second most common in women after breast cancer. It is the most frequently observed cancer in developing countries. Approximately 500000 new cases are identified each year. Mortality is very high – nearly 300000 deaths annually, with 80% of them in developing countries. There are various risk factors for cervical cancer.
The purpose of our study is to make the algorithm of differential diagnosis of HPV cytopathes of the cervix. 50 cervical smears were studied by the Papanicolau staining method. In 50% of the cases there were found epithelial cells containing “perinuclear halo” (HPV cytopathy). These smears were divided into three groups: I - “perinuclear halo” detected in 20% of the cells, II - “perinuclear halo” detected in 50% of the cells, III - “perinuclear halo” detected in 70% of the cells. PAS method was used for detection of glycogen. In both I and II groups “perinuclear halo” was PAS-positive, in III group - PAS-negative. According to immunocytochemistry, PAS-positive smears of II group were HPV-positive.
Some conclusions have been made: 1. Quantitative evaluation of the cells with “perinuclear halo” in Pap smears is necessary. 2. For glycogen detection it is necessary to use PAS method in II group. 3. In PAS-negative and weak PAS-positive cases it is necessary to use the immunocytochemical method. 4. The algorithm of cytological differential diagnosis allows to reliably identify HPV infection and to prevent cervical carcinoma.
J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2005, 2, pp.20-22.
The purpose of the investigation is to study the morphological features of the glandular epithelium in the wall of the extrahepatic biliary tract in infants.
By microscopic methods were investigated the walls of the gall bladder, right, left and common hepatic ducts, cystic and bile ducts. The section cases (5 cases of the newborn period, 6 cases of the baby age) were preliminarily consulted in pathoanatomical service for the exclusion of an inborn pathology. Transversal cuts (thickness 5-7 mkm) were stained with haemotoxilin-eosin, with picrophuxin by van Guizon, with azur-2-eosin by Veygert, by Brashe.
The analysis of micropreparations showed that the glands of the extrahepatic biliary tract including the gall bladder had been completely formed by the childbirth moment. Therefore, we don’t agree with A.L.Lebedev (1965), who thought that the glands of the gall bladder are formed only at the age of 5 years. According to our data, the glands of the extrahepatic biliary tract have active function in newborn children. The initial parts of the gland are always well-differentiated in newborn infants and at the baby age. Each of them (on the section) consists of 10-20 glandulocytes. The secretory cells of the epithelium of the extrahepatic biliary tract have cubic and cylindrical (rarely prismatic) form and basally located nucleus. The cells of the lymphoid line are rarely located near the initial parts of the gland in its stroma. The lymphoid cells are not numerous and they are located around the excretory duct of the glands mainly in the own plate of the mucous membrane, near the integumentary epithelium of the gland.
CURRENT SURGICAL TREATMENT OF KERATOCONUS BY IMPLANTATION OF CORNEAL INTRASTROMAL RINGS
J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2005, 2, pp.22-24.
Ophthalmologic Clinic “Akhali Mzera”, Tbilisi, Georgia
The purpose of the study was the assessment of the effectiveness and safety of a surgical technique – corneal intrastromal ring implantation for the treatment of keratoconus. From June 2003 to December 2004 in Tbilisi State Medical University ophthalmology department 35 surgeries (30 patients) were performed for prevention of keratoconus progression and improvement of visual acuity. 33 cases were keratoconus and 2 cases were myopic astigmatism with posterior surface irregularities (LASIK contraindicated). Complications were observed in 11 cases and there were partial extrusion and superficial implantation of the ring. The main reason of complications was a surgical technique error. For decreasing of the number of complications new surgical instruments were developed and surgical technique was improved.
The post-operative follow-up period lasted for 19 months. The-post operative investigation showed that visual acuity was improved from 0.06 to 0.6, topographic and keratometric data of cornea was also improved from 51.75 to 46.50, and the pathologic area on the cornea was decreased in size.
According to our investigations, corneal intrastromal ring implantation is a very perspective, effective and safe surgical technique for the treatment of keratoconus.
ERYTHROCYTES DURING PHYSIOLOGICAL PREGNANCY
J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2005, 2, pp.24-26.
Preparation of women with physiological pregnancy takes start from the absolute regulating of rheological indices. It seems that the erythrocyte is involved into the net of regulatory mechanisms having a significant importance for the course of pregnancy, and together with the nervous, endocrine and immune systems plays an important role - maintains the integrity of the organism in the changeable environment in order to keep stability of tissue homeostasis, particularly of the immune system.
8. I.VERULASHVILI, M.KORTUSHVILI
MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS OF THE CLINICAL OUTCOME OF CEREBRAL VENOUS THROMBOSIS
J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2005, 2, pp.26-29.
35-50 years ago, cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) was considered as rare and associated with a poor outcome, with mortality rates ranging from 30% to 50%. This concept was revised during the last decade for two reasons: computed tomography (CT), then magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), have replaced cerebral angiography, and, nowadays, allow in emergency an accurate and noninvasive diagnosis of CVT. Nowadays, the mortality rate at the acute stage of CVT has been reduced to approximately 5 % to 10%. The conclusions of most studies evaluating the outcome after CVT are weakened by the following issues: 1. a long period of recruitment leading to heterogeneity in the diagnostic methods and findings, especially in the radiological procedure and treatment; 2. a retrospective design, leading to incomplete case ascertainment and underestimation of minor sequelae; 3. a recruitment bias with a high proportion of benign cases such as isolated intracranial hypertension; 4. the absence of multivariate analysis.
SURGICAL TREATMENT OF INTERNAL STRABISMUS WITH VERTICAL COMPONENT
J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2005, 2, pp.29-31.
Tbilisi State Medical University, Chair of Ophthalmology, Georgia
The findings received from the analysis of our own clinical data showed that symmetrical distribution of surgical treatment between both eyes is indicated for the correction of internal strabismus – recession of both internal rectus muscles by 4-6 mm, depending on the angle of deviation. Internal strabismus with vertical component is a special problem. First was corrected the horizontal component interfering on the medial rectus. For the correction of internal strabismus with vertical component involving the rectus interfering with resection of internal rectus muscles and strengthening of week muscles of vertical action (resection up to 6mm).
Both stages of surgical treatment resulted in orthotropia for all the cases of both groups. Our findings show that the sequens of stages of surgical treatment that we recommended is justified.
THE INFLUENCE OF ANESTHESIA ON THE CHANGES OF THE IMMUNE RESPONSE DURING CRITICAL STATES OF THE ORGANISM
J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2005, 2, pp.31-33.
Department of Anesthesiology of Medicine of Catastrophes and Critical States of Tbilisi State Medical University, Institute of Critical Medicine, Georgia
Anesthetic agents suppress the body immune status in critical condition which can reveal itself in complicated forms like allergy, infections and etc. Immunological parameters were studied in 40 patients. From them 20 patients, first group, who were treated with treatment-protective anesthesia Dormicum (24-72 hours with the doze 0,03-0,1 m.k.g./k.gh). The other 20 patients – second group, who were treated with treatment-protective anesthesia Thiopental Natria (24-72 hours with the doze of 4-8 m.kg/kgh.). According to the results of the analysis we can establish that there were changes in the immune status of all patients, but Midazolam (Dormicum) has minimal immunosuppressive qualities than Thiopental Natria.
J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2005, 2, pp.33-35.
Corneal diseases cause reduction of visual function. Not very seldom we perform corneal transplantation for restoring visual function. The examination of HLA antigens is of leading importance in achieving transparent healing. The purpose of our research is to choose donors and recipients, taking into consideration the features of HLA antigen distribution, their compatibility to reduce postoperative complications.
STUDY OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INTERLUKIN-2 FOR THE PURPOSE OF PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF INECTIOUS COMPLICATIONS
J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2005, 2, pp.35-38.
Department of anesthesiology of medicine of catastrophes and critical states of Tbilisi state medical university, Institute of critical medicine, Tbilisi Georgia
The results showed, that the using of “Interleikin - 2” did not changed (P<0.05) statistically the immunity, before and after treatment, but after using it, the results of immunodeficity were not increased. Patients of that group did not receive the abovementioned preparatus and the treatment was done by traditional methods. On the next stage of critical condition, immune-depression was increased.
We must take into consideration the fact that in the group of patients who were not cured by Interleikin was noted signs of sepsis in 48%, but in the group of patients, who took that treatment there was only 18%. The mortality in Interleikin treated group was 42% and in non-Interleikin cured group the mortality was 60%.
13. G.TVALIASHVILI, G.GALDAVA, T.KITUASHVILI, R.TSINTSADZE
EFFECTIVENESS OF LAMISIL THERAPY FOR THE TREATMENT OF
DERMATOPHYTOSIS IN CHILDREN
J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2005, 2, pp.38-43.
Sceintific-Research Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Tbilisi
Dermatovenereologic Dispensary, Batumi, Georgia
According to the WHO data, the XXI century will be characterized by the increased prevalence of fungal infections; the average rates of these infections have already reached 25-30%. Not only the prevalence of fungal infections is remarkable, but also their complications, atypical forms, chronic course of the disease, and frequent relapses. All the above-mentioned is true for dermatophytosis, especially in children. Research of effective therapeutic methods for this group of mycosis in children is topical. Previously, for the treatment of patients with microsporia, trichophytosis and tinea pedis was basically used griseofulvin, which has a number of side effects.
A wide range of modern antimycotic drugs has been introduced in recent years. We have used Lamisil – a broad-spectrum systemic antimicobacterial agent – for the treatment of dermatophytosis in children. We observed a group of patients aged 5-12 with following symptoms: onychomycosis caused by Tr. Rubrum – 15 patients; microsporia caused by M. canis – 25 patients; zoo-anthroponosic trichophytosis caused by Tr. mentagrophytes var. gypseum – 32 patients. Diagnoses of these patients were proved by clinical laboratory data and by means of the Wood’s lamp. Lamisil therapy was effective: we observed the reduction of a therapeutic course, good tolerance and absence of side effects as compared with griseofulvin.