1. T.GVAMICHAVA, I.GACHECHILADZE, S.MAMPHORIA, I.LATSABIDZE, E.JANBERIDZE, L.SULAVA
MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF GOBLET CELLS OF ADENOM
(ELECTRON-RADIOAUTOGRAPHIC METHOD)
J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2005, 4, pp.8-10.
A.Natishvili Institute of Experimental Morphology, Georgian AS, Tbilisi, Georgia
Goblet cells were researched in adenomas. These cells are signed with amino acides (3H Prolin, 3H Gistidin, 3H Glicin).
In some areas of the adenom there are mucous cells, which are not signed with amino acids. We think that these oligomucous cells are precursors of goblet cells.
2. M.PHUTKARADZE, Z.CHOMAKHASHVILI, V.TAKIDZE
ENDOMETRIAL CHANGES DURING SINGLE-PHASE SHORTENED MENSTRUAL CYCLE
J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2005, 4, pp.10-12.
Tbilisi State Medical University, Department of Phathological Anatomy, Georgia
The article deals with the peculiarities of endometrial changes in the case of single phase shortened menstrual cycle ceasing. The patients were chosen according to the duration of bleeding. They are divided into two groups (I-cease of menstrual cycle on the 9th day; II-cease of menstrual cycle on the 14th day). Histostereometrical and morphometrical search have been carried out.
According to the results the author points out that till the ceasing of menstrual cycle from the 9th till the 14th day proliferating process still goes on but it is not full, as single phase menstrual cycle is formed with peculiar acyclic bleeding. The received data have a great importance in the right choice of medical treatment tactics for the bleeding diagnosis in reproductive age women.
3. MAISURADZE N., TOPURIA M., MUSERIDZE N.
DETECTION AND CORRELATION OF HPV-INFECTION IN PATIENTS WITH CIN AND AGUS
J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2005, 4, pp.12-15.
Zhordania Institute of Human Reproduction, Tbilisi, Georgia.
Objective. The aim of our study was to detect and correlate HPV-infection in patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and atypical glandular cells of undetermined significance (AGUS).
Design. prospective study.
Setting. Zhordania Institute of Human Reproduction, Tbilisi, Georgia.
Material and subjects. We studed cytological materials of cervix utery of 334 patients, chose and classified 92 patients with condylomatosis. These patients were selected for three groups: I group– Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN) – n= 53. II group – Atypical glandular cells of undetermined significance (AGUS) – n=23. III group -CIN + AGUS –n= 16.
Methods. Pap-smear test, colposcopy, morphometric research, statistical research.
Results. HPV was detected in 84,9% of the first group (CIN)-p<0,05, in 4,3%- of the second group (AGUS)-p>0,05 and in 18,75% -of the third group (CIN+AGUS)-p<0,05.
ALLOGENIC HEPATIC CELL TRANSPLANTATION IN TREATMENT OF HEPATIC INSUFFICIENCY
J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2005, 4, pp.15-17.
Department of clinical anatomy, Georgian State Medical Academy
An increase in patients with liver diseases results in the growth of morbidity caused by liver insufficiency. A comparative analysis of the cells and efferent methods (hemosorption, hemofiltration, plasmaphresis, liver cell transplantation) in the treatment of hepatic failure showed that the mortality rate for patients continues to be high.
The results of the treatment of animals suffering from acute toxic affection of the liver indicate a high therapeutic effectiveness of such dialysis. Cellular peritoneal dialysis did not induce anaphylactic reactions in animals. A favorable dynamics of changes noted in the biochemical, clinical and morphological indices allows this method to be recommended for clinical approbation.
INTRA- AND POSTOPERATIVE MORPHOLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS OF THYROID GLAND PATHOLOGY
J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2005, 4, pp.17-26.
K. Eristavi National Center of Experimental and Clinical Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Laboratories for Cytological Diagnosis and Pathological Anatomy, Georgia
The study of the molecular fundamentals of thyroid gland structure, function and pathology is an obvious success, but surgical removal still remains the method of choice in radical therapy. An adequate volume of surgical intervention is necessary for the improvement of the immediate and remote results of such therapy. We recommend to conduct such selection on the basis of intra- and postoperative cytological diagnosis of removed tissues with a following histological study. Transitional hypothyroid status as a result of dystrophy, necrosis, infectious inflammation and other influences includes the regeneration of stem cells. Normally immortal, but not oncogenous stem cells easily acquire genes mutations, change phenotype and commitment, are subjected to hyperplasia, transformation, dysplasia and neoplasia. There have been differentiated: iododeficit – Basedow’s goiter, Graves’ autoimmune hyperthyroid goiter and Hashimoto’s hypothyroid goiter, infectious histopathology, de Kerven’s pseudotuberculous-granulomatous goiter and fibrous Riddle’s goiter. In goiter tissues there are found: extrafollicular nonencapsulated regenerates differentiating in the direction of the A, B, C cells with subsequent emergence of interfollicular adenomatosis, oncocytomas, apudomas, encapsulated adenomas and invasive carcinomas of different structures, as well as lymphomas and teratomas. There have been revealed the peculiarities of benign and malignant tumorous progression against the background of an antithyroid drug treatment of various duration.
J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2005, 4, pp.26-28.
Tbilisi State Medical University, Department of Morbid Anatomy, Batumi Scientific-Practical Center for Clinical Pathology, Georgia
In the article is introduced the character of the endometrial structure changes during the cessation of a prolonged monophasic menstrual cycle. For the study there were selected 24 pre-menopausal patients by the bleeding period in which the bleeding had begun after 5-14 days of a prolonged menstruation cessation. Based on the data obtained by histostereometric and morphometric analyses it was determined that proliferation process could continue more than 28 days of the menstrual cycle, but it will be incomplete. Because of this there was formed a monophasic menstrual cycle with characteristic acyclic bleeding. Moreover, due to follicular persistency the changes characteristic to a prolonged proliferation phase and the beginning of a subsequent cycle indicate the follicular i.e. estrogen-dependent character of endometrial changes. A correct evaluation is the basis for correct pathohistological diagnosing and accordant treatment strategy and tactics.
THE METHOD OF VALVULAR CHOLEDOCHODUODENAL ANASTOMOSIS
J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2005, 4, pp.28-33.
Chair of Thoracoabdominal Surgery of the Tbilisi state Medical Academy
Chair of Clinical Anatomy, Topographical Anatomy and Operative Surgery of I.Javakhishvili State University
The article considers the nonfluxive sdcd method we have worked out, which is similar to Sasse-Jurasz-Vinogradov method by the sections (longitudinal and transversal accordingly) on the choledochus and duodenum, though differs from it, for an about 0.7-0.9 cm fold is made of the duodenal mucosa (more correctly – of mucous-submucous membrane) around the anastomosis, which covers the hole of the anastomosis. At the same time it like “tamponises” the edges of the anastomosis, thus increasing the impermeability of the anastomosis and consequently - its safety. The valve has a trensverse direction (with reference to the duodenum) and resembles by this trait Vitebsky’s termino-lateral transverse anastomosis though differs from it by the following: a) it is not termino-lateral (it’s latero-lateral); b) the function of the valve is performed by the fold of duodenal mucosa (which is more physiological) and not by the choledochus immersed into the lumen of the duodenum by 1.0-1.2 cm; c) performance of the mentioned Vitebsky’s anastomosis is rather difficult technically. The method of valvular sdcd we have worked out performs the functions of natural valves, in particular: a) Regulates the dosage and periodical passage of bile into the duodenum; b) prevents the passage of the duodenum content into the cholediochus. All that provides a due autonomy of the bile passages. By its principle of action, the given valve resembles Odd’s sphincter, which is a nonfluxive valve. Consequently, the technical results of the given method of nonfluxive sdcd are: simple performance, more physiology, more impermeability and safety of the anastomosis, dosed and periodical passage of bile into the duodenum, exclusion of the development of duodeno-biliary reflux, and consequently, of ascending cholangitis in the postoperative period.
8. M.JASHI, N.BAKURADZE, T.KHECHINASHVILI, I.KVACHADZE, N.NAKUDASHVILI, R.TALISHINSKI
DEPENDENCE OF THE VESTIBULAR NYSTAGMUS ON LIGHTING IRRITATION AND GAZE FIXATION IN CERTAIN CEREBRAL AND INTERNAL EAR LESIONS
J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2005, 4, pp.33-35.
Tbilisi State Medical University Chair of ENT, Tbilisi, Georgia
We have studied the dependence of the changes of nystagmic ocular motions under the influence of optic irritation and gaze fixation in patients with peripheral and central lesions of the vestibular system. Besides a detailed history taking, an investigation of ENT organs was performed. Along with vestibulometry various diagnostic methods were used too: dopplerography of the cervix and cerebral blood vessels, plain and up-to-date rentgenography (Computer and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Tomography ).
The analysis of the obtained data demonstrated that vestibular nystagmus depends on gaze fixation and lighting. At the same time opening and closing of the eyes doesn’t change a nystagmogram, which in its turn is due to the changes of optic irritation intensity.
The performed studies and the findings demonstrated in the corresponding literature confirm the idea that the formation of vestibular oculomotor reflexes is explained by. The complexity of the cortical and truncal structures, which play a major role in the development of these processes.
EXPRESSION OF SOME IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL MARKERS (pS2, TYPE IV COLLAGEN, CHROMOGRANIN, VIMENTIN, CATHEPSIN-D) IN BREAST CANCER AND THEIR BIOLOGICAL ROLE
J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2005, 4, pp.35-38.
A.Natishvili Institute of Experimental Morphology Georgian AS, Tbilisi, Georgia
The peculiarity of the expression of PS2 protein, IV type collagen, chromogranin, vimentin and cathepsin-D has been studied by immunohistochemical methods.
It has been determined that vimentin and cathepsin-D expression in breast cancer depends on the level of tumor cataplasia, and the level of expression of PS2 protein, type IV collagen in differentiated forms of cancer is higher than their expression in poorly differetiated forms. There is revealed a definite reciprocal dependence between the studied markers corresponding to the tumor cataplasia. It’s important to envisage for differential diagnosis of each concrete form of breast cancer and for working out rational therapeutic measures.
It was also determined that chromogranin represents a marker for carcinoid.
10. KH.MARKOV, I.SMIRNOV, V.PINELIS, C.NADIRASHVILI, G.MAIKIBAEVA, G.ZADKOVA
THE INFLUENFE OF PROSTACYCLIN ON THE CORONARY FLOW AND MYOCARDIUM CONTRACTILITY
J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2005, 4, pp.38-40.
Laboratory for Pathophisiology, State University of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Russia
A.Natishvili Institute of Experimental Morphology, Georgian AS, Tbilisi, Georgia
Thus, Prostacyclin as well as nitric oxide induce positive inotropic and coronarodilatating action which could be increased. It promotes an increase in the functional reserves of the coronary circulation and contractility of the myocardium, providing high adaptative-compensatory abilities of the heart.
THE STRUCTURE OF VASCULAR MICROCIRCULATORY BED OF GINGIVAL MUCOSA IN EXPERIMENTAL GINGIVITIS AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF PRELIMINARY HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA
J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2005, 4, pp.40-43.
A.N.Natishvili Institute of Experimental Morphology, Georgian AS, Tbilisi, Georgia
The aim of the work. To study gingival mucosa microcirculatory bed under the conditions modelling changes in vascular bed permeability that promote cell migration and plasmorrhagia.
Material and methods. The experiments were made on 3 groups of “Shinshila” rabbits with body weight of 1,7-2,5 kg.: I – experimental gingivitis (10 animals); by ligation of a silk ligature on the gingival area of all the front teeth of the narcotized animal with free marginal gingiva flaking – 10 animals. II – experimental hypercholesetremia the rabbits were on atherogenic ration (0,3 g/kg cholesterin; 10 animals). Two months atherogenic diet later, gingivitis was modeled against the background of hypercholesterinemia; III series – 10 rabbits - experimental hypercholesterinemia (control for group II). IV series – conditional “normal” - 5 rabbits.
Study results: The examinations with lightoptic and electron microscope have shown significant changes in extracellular matrix and cells of gingival mucosa as well as in microcirculatory bed components in the presence of hypercholesterolemia.
Hypercholesterolemia damages endotheliocytes, subendothelial zone, basal membrane and changes permeability. The contact of lymphocytes and plasmocytes with role vascular wall confirms the trigger role of vascular factor in parodontal complex damage.
J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2005, 4, pp.43-47.
A.Natishvili Institute of Experimental Morphology, Georgian AS;
K.Chachava Research Institute of Perinatal Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tbilisi, Georgia
Knowledge of the shape and dimension of the female pelvis is of a great clinical importance since a normal or pathological course of birth depends on it.
We investigated 100 women who had just had a baby. The main research target were pelvis sizes used in the obstetrical practice. In our study we used the pelvis classification of W.Caldwell and H.Moloy (They selected four types of the pelvis: gynecoid, android, platipeloid and anthrophoid) and women constitutional types by I.B.Galant (lephtosome, mesosome and megalosome).
Our investigation revealed that 42 women had gynecoid, 36 - anthrophoid, 4-platipeloid, and 17 - narrow pelvis shape. One had pathological flat rickety pelvis and asthenic constitution. The gynecoid shape of the pelvis is more often found in women generally; in the women of the asthenic constitution is also found a narrow pelvis.
The investigation reveal that during pathological childbirth we mainly find a narrow and platipeloid pelvis in women. The cause of complications can be also disproportion between fetus and pelvis sizes.
13. G.GOGICHADZE, E.MISABISHVILI, T.GOGICHADZE, I.JIKIA
ABOUT POLYETHIOLOGISM AND MONOPATHOGENISM OF CANCER
J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2005, 4, pp.47-49.
Georgian State Medical Academy, Tbilisi, Georgia
There is a probability that carcinogenesis in its essence is polyetiological and monopathogenical process. Etiological reasons tumors is multitude, but conversion of normal cells into malignant one, all these factors (some chemical substances, radiation of different nature, viruses, toxins, some nutritious ingredients and so on) induced by one general universal mechanism – by fusion of somatic cells and next karyogamic (hybridization) process.
14. K.KIKVIDZE, G.PHIPHIA, J.PHKHALADZE
THE ALGORITHM OF SURGICAL TREATMENT IN BILIARY CALCULOUS DISEASE COMPLICATED BY MECHANICAL JAUNDICE
J. Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2005, 4, pp.49-51.
Chair of Thoracoabdominal Surgery of Tbilisi State Medical Academy
The treatment of biliary calculous disease complicated by mechanical jaundice (BCDCbMJ) is an unsolved problem in modern abdominal surgery. According to some authors’ data, the number of complications and lethality reaches accordingly: 78.3 and 57.7%. In our opinion one of the reasons of such unsatisfactory treatment results is an absence of a perfect algorithm for surgical treatment of this disease. The aim of the work – to work out such an algorithm of surgical treatment, which will enable us to choose for each concrete patient a due (optimal) surgical treatment tactics and operation type. Material and methods – The work is based on the retrospective analysis of the treatment of 432 patients with BCDCbMJ. 111 (25.7%) patients underwent a one-moment surgical treatment, and 321 (74.3%) stage - by- stage surgical treatment. During this phased surgical treatment, for the I moment was done EPST TTQS, and on II stage – radical surgery aiming the eventual liquidation of the obstruction causes – the mentioned operations had the form of open laparotomy or laparoscopy, minilaparotomy (miniinvasive interventions). The results – on the basis of the researches we had performed we worked out a perfect algorithm for BCDCbMJ surgical treatment which consists of : a) the algorithm of BCDCbMJ surgical treatment tactics and b) of the algorithm of selection of the types of surgical operations. c) besides, the algorithm envisages the possibility of full miniinvasive surgical interventions during this disease and the peculiarities of treatment for acute calculous cholecistide. There were treated 405 (98.75%) patients according to the algorithm, among them complications of different types were developed in 39.5%, and lethality – in 8.14%.
Conclusion: After the BCDCbMJ treatment conducted according to the algorithm we have developed, postoperative complications and lethality significantly decrease.